IP address

To become identified in the world network computer needs and carry out the communication between computers we use Internet Protocol (IP). Each of IP address has assigned with a unique address. Irrespective of the number of machine is always 4 bytes long. These addresses can be written using four numbers in a dotted decimal notation. In this notation, each byte in IP address is separated using dot. For example -192.168.100.10

To avoid miscommunication between machines in a network, their IP address must be unique. This uniqueness can be achieved in case of small networks., especially when these networks are not connected to the outside world. However, to guarantee uniqueness of IP address in big networks, spanning cities and continents, IP address are created and managed by a central authority called Internal Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). IANA allocates super blocks of addresses to Regional Internet Registrars. These in turn allocate smaller blocks to Internet Service Provider and enterprises, who in turn further allocate the addresses to individual devices.


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